Prostate enlargement is also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or benign prostatic hypertrophy. Although the prostate continues to grow during most of a man's life, an enlarged prostate rarely causes symptoms before age 40. Symptoms vary, but most commonly involve changes in or problems with urination. Treatment typically isn't needed in the early stages of the condition. Later on, however, a doctor may prescribe medications or surgery for prostate enlargement.